Konfigurasi Routing Ospf Pada Cisco
OSPF merupakan kepanjangan dari Open Short Path First, yakni salah satu protokol routing yang dipakai untuk melaksanakan routing dinamik. OSPF banyak dipakai pada jaringan berskala besar. Salah satu kelebihannya adalah, ospf bisa mengetahui citra topologi yang dipakai pada jaringan.
Pada postingan kali ini kita akan membahas ihwal konfigurasi routing ospf pada cisco. Perlu diketahui bahwa ospf dibedakan menjadi 2 menurut area nya, yakni single area (hanya memakai area backbone) dan multiarea (menggunakan area backbone dan area lain). Di sini kita akan membahas ospf single area.
Sedikit pembahasan mengenai konfigurasi routing ospf, alasannya ialah ospf termasuk dalam dynamic routing, maka untuk konfigurasi routing minimal terdiri dari dua langkah yakni mengaktifkan routing ospf pada router kemudian mengadvertise network yang terhubung secara pribadi ke router.
Perintah untuk mengaktifkan routing ospf :
router ospf [proccess_ID] Untuk proccess ID setiap router tidak harus sama.
Perintah untuk advertise network :
network [network_address] [wildcard_mask] [area] Jika pada routing eigrp penggunaan wildcard mask ialah opsional (hanya untuk mengadvertise network tertentu), maka pada routing ospf wajib memakai wildcard mask. Kemudian untuk area, alasannya ialah kita akan mengkonfigurasi ospf single area, maka area yang dipakai ialah area 0 (area backbone).
Berikut ialah topologi yang akan dipakai :
| Device | Interface | IP Address | Subnetmask | Gateway |
|---|---|---|---|---|
R1 | FastEthernet 0/0 | 192.168.1.254 | 255.255.255.0 | N/A |
| Serial 2/0 | 100.100.100.1 | 255.255.255.252 | N/A | |
| Serial 3/0 | 100.100.100.5 | 255.255.255.252 | N/A | |
R2 | FastEthernet 0/0 | 192.168.2.254 | 255.255.255.0 | N/A |
| Serial 2/0 | 100.100.100.6 | 255.255.255.252 | N/A | |
| Serial 3/0 | 100.100.100.9 | 255.255.255.252 | N/A | |
R3 | FastEthernet 0/0 | 192.168.3.254 | 255.255.255.0 | N/A |
| Serial 2/0 | 100.100.100.2 | 255.255.255.252 | N/A | |
| Serial 3/0 | 100.100.100.10 | 255.255.255.252 | N/A | |
PC 1 | FastEthernet 0 | 192.168.1.1 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.1.254 |
PC 2 | FastEthernet 0 | 192.168.2.1 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.2.254 |
PC 3 | FastEthernet 0 | 192.168.3.1 | 255.255.255.0 | 192.168.3.254 |
Tabel Pengalamatan IP
Untuk konfigurasi dasar menyerupai mengubah hostname dan menunjukkan ip address aku anggap semua sudah paham. Selanjutnya ialah melaksanakan konfigurasi inti yakni routing ospf.
Konfigurasi R1 :
R1(config) router ospf 1 R1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 R1(config-router)#network 100.100.100.0 0.0.0.3 area 0 R1(config-router)#network 100.100.100.4 0.0.0.3 area 0 R1(config-router)#passive-interface fa0/0 R1(config-router)#do write Building configuration... [OK] R1(config-router)# Konfigurasi R2 :
R2(config)#router ospf 1 R2(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 R2(config-router)#network 100.100.100.4 0.0.0.3 area 0 R2(config-router)#network 100.100.100.8 0.0.0.3 area 0 R2(config-router)#passive-interface fa0/0 R2(config-router)#do write Building configuration... [OK] R2(config-router)# Konfigurasi R3 :
R3(config) router ospf 1 R3(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 R3(config-router)#network 100.100.100.8 0.0.0.3 area 0 R3(config-router)#network 100.100.100.0 0.0.0.3 area 0 R3(config-router)#passive-interface fa0/0 R3(config-router)#do write Building configuration... [OK] R3(config-router)# perintah "passive-interface" berfungsi untuk menciptakan interface tertentu menjadi pasif. Maksudnya, interface tersebut tidak akan mengirimkan pesan update ke router lain namun hanya mendapatkan pesan update dari router lain. Biasanya passive-interface dikonfigurasikan pada interface yang terhubung ke end host (pc atau laptop).
Verifikasi/Pengujian
Untuk pengujiannya kita sanggup melaksanakan tes ping dari pc satu ke pc lainnya, atau bisa juga dengan melihat tabel routing pada router. Seperti berikut :R1#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set 100.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets C 100.100.100.0 is directly connected, Serial2/0 C 100.100.100.4 is directly connected, Serial3/0 O 100.100.100.8 [110/128] via 100.100.100.2, 00:00:59, Serial2/0 [110/128] via 100.100.100.6, 00:00:59, Serial3/0 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 O 192.168.2.0/24 [110/65] via 100.100.100.6, 00:03:42, Serial3/0 O 192.168.3.0/24 [110/65] via 100.100.100.2, 00:00:59, Serial2/0 R1#show ip route ospf 100.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets O 100.100.100.8 [110/128] via 100.100.100.2, 00:01:52, Serial2/0 [110/128] via 100.100.100.6, 00:01:52, Serial3/0 O 192.168.2.0 [110/65] via 100.100.100.6, 00:04:35, Serial3/0 O 192.168.3.0 [110/65] via 100.100.100.2, 00:01:52, Serial2/0 R1# ---------------------------------------------------- R2#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set 100.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets O 100.100.100.0 [110/128] via 100.100.100.5, 00:02:16, Serial2/0 [110/128] via 100.100.100.10, 00:02:16, Serial3/0 C 100.100.100.4 is directly connected, Serial2/0 C 100.100.100.8 is directly connected, Serial3/0 O 192.168.1.0/24 [110/65] via 100.100.100.5, 00:04:59, Serial2/0 C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 O 192.168.3.0/24 [110/65] via 100.100.100.10, 00:02:37, Serial3/0 R2#show ip route ospf 100.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets O 100.100.100.0 [110/128] via 100.100.100.5, 00:02:58, Serial2/0 [110/128] via 100.100.100.10, 00:02:58, Serial3/0 O 192.168.1.0 [110/65] via 100.100.100.5, 00:05:41, Serial2/0 O 192.168.3.0 [110/65] via 100.100.100.10, 00:03:19, Serial3/0 R2# ---------------------------------------------- R3#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set 100.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets C 100.100.100.0 is directly connected, Serial2/0 O 100.100.100.4 [110/128] via 100.100.100.9, 00:03:19, Serial3/0 [110/128] via 100.100.100.1, 00:03:19, Serial2/0 C 100.100.100.8 is directly connected, Serial3/0 O 192.168.1.0/24 [110/65] via 100.100.100.1, 00:03:19, Serial2/0 O 192.168.2.0/24 [110/65] via 100.100.100.9, 00:03:38, Serial3/0 C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0 R3#show ip route ospf 100.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets O 100.100.100.4 [110/128] via 100.100.100.9, 00:03:30, Serial3/0 [110/128] via 100.100.100.1, 00:03:30, Serial2/0 O 192.168.1.0 [110/65] via 100.100.100.1, 00:03:30, Serial2/0 O 192.168.2.0 [110/65] via 100.100.100.9, 00:03:49, Serial3/0 R3# Terlihat bahwa terdapat entry route memakai routing ospf yang ditandai dengan simbol O yang artinya network tersebut dijangkau memakai routing ospf.
Sekian pembahasan routing ospf pada kali ini. Semoga sanggup menambah wawasan dan menunjukkan pemahaman ihwal konfigurasi routing ospf yang sederhana. Terima kasih.
Sumber https://dhantama.blogspot.com/
